Geetha saaram 9-10 to 9-14.

slokam 9-10..Kaliyan thiru kurum thandahathil ஏரார் முயல் விட்டு காக்கை பின் போவதே,,archai erukka sri vaikundam yetharkku yenkiraar..ulaham yethum kandiyoor yenkiraar..sudarsanarum narasimharum sevai..nodiyil avatharithu ponatharkku yeedaha yella shedrangallilum chakarath azlvarudan narasumharum sevai..

mayadhyaksena prakritih
suyate sa-caracaram
hetunanena kaunteya
jagad viparivartate

“This material nature, which is one of My energies, is working under My direction, O son of Kunti, producing all moving and nonmoving beings. Under its rule this manifestation is created and annihilated again and again.”..

..Maya =by Me [Sri Krishna], adyaksena = as Leader, or in His supervision, prakruti = this prakruti, sa caracaram = this world [ of moving and non-moving], suyate =is created. Anena hetuna = this reason, that is atman’s karma and consequent will power of the Lord. Jagat = world, parivartate = transforms.

Ramanuja’s Commentary 

As determined by the merits and demerits of all jivas or embodied souls prakriti or the material substratum pervading physical existence being supervised by Lord Krishna manifests all moving and non-moving living entities as decreed by Lord Krishna according to their karma or reactions to past life actions. In this way conformable to the actions of all created beings does creation revolve. The Vedic scriptures state: The Supreme Lord’s unequalled sovereign mastery, His infallible will and His unexcelled dominion over all as well as being ever free of reproach for being unmerciful. This refers also to verse five of this chapter with the words pasya me yogam aisvaram or behold my super extraordinary potencies. The miracle worker who projects all the cosmos is maya the Supreme Lords external illusory energy which is contained in the compound word mayadhyaksena which represents Him. What else is maya when used in conjunction with the Supreme Lord other than His prakriti for He is the source of it.

..slokam 9-11..seerkazli–thadallan..thaal+aallan..thavittu paanai thadallan sevai vimanathil..kazli seer rama vinnaharam..sevithaal namathu ego yellaam adangum..romasareera minivar ketta padi brahmavin ego  tholaitha perumal..

avajananti mam mudha
manusim tanum asritam
param bhavam ajananto
mama bhuta-maheshvaram

“Fools deride Me when I descend in the human form. They do not know My transcendental nature as the Supreme Lord of all that be.”..

Avajananti = without knowing, mam = Me [Sri Krishna], mudha = fools, manusi tanum = human body, asritam = appearance. Mama = My, Sri Krishna’s, param bhavam = great qualities of, bhuta maheswaram = Leader of entire living beings in this Universe, ajananta = ignorant..periyavan avan namakku vendum yentru ezliyavanaha vanthu sevai saathikiraan..

Ramanuja’s Commentary 

 

 

 

 

Due to the accumulation of unlimited sins by ignoring the ordinances of the Vedic scriptures, ignorant fools mistake the Supreme Lord Krishna to be perishable like any other member of humanity. Such fools are totally incognisant to the reality that Lord Krishna is the Supreme omniscient, omnipresent and omnipotent Lord of all creation and that He manifests His original form that appears to be like all of humanity due to magnanimous feelings of infinite compassion in order for all living entities to be able to have access to Him. Oblivious to Lord Krishna’s eternal, transcendental, immutable and supreme nature disguised in human form as a way to display His phenomenal lilas or divine pastimes by which to inspire and delight all of humanity as an act of unlimited mercy and love for all. Yet although all over the Earth the name of Lord Krishna and His avatars or expansions and incarnations has been heard of by all, still the ignorant and irrational even after hearing of Him foolishly disregard and disrespect Him as if He were just an ordinary mortal being.

 

..slokam 9-12..mattavizl kuzlali thayar sannithi..maan tholalartaithu kondaan vamanan thayar brama chari vedathukku yentru..sanghu chakra pushkarani.pushkala vartha vimanam..

moghasa mogha-karmano
mogha-jnana vicetasah
rakshasim asurim caiva
prakritim mohinim sritah

“Those who are thus bewildered are attracted by demonic and atheistic views. In that deluded condition, their hopes for liberation, their fruitive activities, and their culture of knowledge are all defeated.”

Mohinim = capable of confused or deluded; that is wrong impression about the Lord will be in them. Sritah = attain, rakshasim = rakshasa behaviour and rakshasa births, asurim = asura behaviour and asura births. ..Vicetasa = true understanding will not be. Mogha= wasted desires [amogham = utilised or not wasted]. Sri Rama’s arrows are called amogham, as they were never wasted and every arrow did its assignment without fail.Mogha gyana = wasted knowledge..

Ramanuja’s Commentary 

 

 

 

 

The natures of the fiendish asura’s or the not divine and the hellish raksasas or the demoniac is very inveigling and shuts out from view the superior nature and qualities of infinite mercy and compassion that are concealed under Lord Krishna’s anthropomorphic exterior which appears human and this they espouse thinking He is also perishable. Such thinking causes them to become: moghasa of vain appetites having desires that will remain unfulfilled, mogha-karmano pursuing vain endeavours, mogha-jnana possessing vain knowledge that has no value inasmuch as it is based on false conceptions of Lord Krishna on the fundamental level and vicetasah or mentally fractured and confused about the Supreme Lord. By accepting the Supreme Lord of all to resemble and be equated with any other ordinary human, by such mentality whatever effort and endeavour is embarked upon with any goal in view shall all be done in vain for such actions will reap no fruition.

 

..slokam 9-13..sidhasrama -place in Bihar -bastar-where rama and lakshmana were  taken by visvamidrar and introduced as vamana’s place….another name for seer kazli..kothanda ramar sannithi..swami dottacharya aadeenam kovil entha sannithi..oru kural pada mudiyuma yentru ketta thiru gjana sambandarukku oru kurallay yentru vama avadaram pattu paadinaar kaliyan..avarathu velai parisaha petraar..aali naadan ,arul maari,aratta mukki,adaiyaar seeyam,mangai vendan,para kalan yentra peyar..bakthi vuruvedutha silarukku yentru erukiraan..avaney dasaradar, vasudevan evarkallai thernthu eduthu kollhiraan..azlvar pities Him to have taken all the troubles just to redeem us..

mahatmanas tu mam partha
daivim prakritim asritah
bhajanty ananya-manaso
jnatva bhutadim avyayam

“O son of Pritha, those who are not deluded, the great souls, are under the protection of the divine nature. They are fully engaged in devotional service because they know Me as the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Creator of all and inexhaustible.”

Partha = Arjuna!, mahatmanas tu = whereas mahatman [ great devotees]. ..Mam = Me [Sri Krishna], daivim = divine, prakritim = qualities, asrita = attained. Bhutatim = as the Cause or Creator of entire living beings, avyayam = non-destructible, jnatva = understand..Ananya manasa = without concentrating mind on anything else, bhajanti = perform bhakti.

Ramanuja’s Commentary 

 

 

 

 

But those whose self acquired merits have led them to approach the Supreme Lord as their sole sanctuary whose chains of sins have been dissolved and destroyed and who are born of the divine nature are the mahatmanas or of noble souls. The mahatmanas know Lord Krishna as the infinite source of all beings and cause of all creation whose lilas or divine pastimes are transcendental material existence and beyond the scope of mundane comprehension. The Supreme Lord Krishna incarnates His avatars or immortal incarnations out of His causeless compassion for all creation to protect the righteous. Knowing the Supreme Lord as such the great souls with minds exclusively devoted worship and adore Him inceesantly. Exclusive devotion of the mind denotes that exultant state of consciousness where one is imbued with ecstatic waves of love for the Supreme Lord where if without such a mood and feeling of worshipful devotion not only in the mind and by the external senses but from the atma as well then life would become without support and untenable. Such great souls worship the Supreme Lord with such intense one pointed focus that this worship alone constitutes their sole aim and complete goal.

 

 

 

..slokam 9-14..annan kovil..azlvaar sings both thiru vemkadathan and annan kovil in one song..thiru vella kulam..srinivasa perumal..sweda pushkarani..that is why thiru vellai kulam yentra peyar..anjeneyar sanni thiru kulathukku arhil..sweda was son of bindu maran of ishvahu dynasty..ipasadi sukla dasami to karthihai sukla ekadesi varai erunthu neeraadi varam petraan..sweda vimanam tatva dyodhaka vimanam..ethil sadana bakthi..bakthi moolam motsham adaivathai solli aduthathil sadya bakthi-swayam prayojana bakthi-pattri..bakthi pannuvathu bakthikkaha mattum..

satatam kirtayanto mam
yatantas ca drdha-vratah
namasyantas ca mam bhaktya
nitya-yukta upasate

“Always chanting My glories, endeavoring with great determination, bowing down before Me, these great souls perpetually worship Me with devotion.”

..upasate = worship [the Lord], with the purpose of, nitya yukta = being always with the Lord. Satatam = always, kirtayanta = singing and chanting names, to heart content, mam = of Me [Sri Krishna], drdha vratha = with firm determination [ that He alone is the Lord], yatanta = perform archana, pooja, etc., namasyanta = prostrate to, mam = Me [Sri Krishna], bhaktya = along with devotion..Keertanam [singing], yatnam [performing yagna and other pooja], namasyanta [prostrating], bhakti [ love] and nitya-yukta [always being with the Lord]. All these should be with a firm determination. This is the state of the bhakti in the initial stage. We are nowhere near this.Prostrating should be sashtanga; that is eight parts should be placed before the Lord [two hands, two legs, one head, mind, intellect and faith]. Such a bhakta is going to become a mahatman, says Sri Krishna..

Ramanuja’s Commentary 

The mahatmanas or great souls being overwhelmed with intense love for the Supreme Lord find it impossible to support their existence for even an infinitesimal part of a moment without always being engaged in chanting Lord Krishna’s holy names, singing His glories, enlightening one another about His lilas or divine pastimes, offering obeisance and salutation to Him with worship and propitiation and the offering of their very selves with loving devotion. With tremulous voices convulsed with holy joy they with yearning tones they incessantly call out His holy names such as Krishna, Rama, Narayana, Hari which connote distinguishable attributes of His Supreme nature. They constantly remember His lilas with tears in their eyes with their bodies ecstatically quivering in rapture, thrilled by the exciting recollection of such holy revelations. With equal zeal do still other mahatmanas assiduously perform holy duties of sacred worship of the Supreme Lord Krishna or any of His authorized avatars or incarnations and expansions as revealed Vedic scriptures. with firm determination. Others engage themselves in the constructions of temples of worship for the Supreme Lord along with laying out of flower and fruit gardens for the His service. Still others overcome by sacred devotion fully prostrate themselves upon the ground with all eight parts of their body like a fragile reed regardless of dust, dirt or prickling thorns and pebbles in humble obeisance to the Supreme Lord. The eight parts of the body are the heart, the intellect, the ego, the head, the two hands and two feet prostrating in unison with concerted devotion. Always striving with prayers of devotion and love for Lord Krishna, focused with the aim to be eternally united with Him, with fervid appeal they beseech Him incessantly again and again that they may attain Him solely as their only goal.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Geetha Saaram 9-5 to 9-9.

slokam 9-5..oppili appan kovil..naangu aazlwaar mangalasasanam..also called Akasa nagar, Markandeya Kshetram and Thulasivanam..ahortahra pushkarani..aho=day rathri=night..eppozuthu neeraadinalum punyam kittum..sudha ananda vimanam..vinn-vaikundam.. angey pola sevai engeyum..srinivasarukku thamaiyanaar..Kazhi Sri Rama vinnagar [Seerkazhi], Parameshvara vinnagar near Kanchipuram, Arimeya vinnagar andVaikuntha vinnagar in Thirunangur [near Chidhambaram] and Nandipura vinnagar [Nathan koil] near Kumbakonam. But this Kshetram is called simply Vinnagar and this is unique. Like Viraja river flowing near Vaikuntam, here Dakshina Ganga is flowing.

na ca mat-sthani bhutani
pasya me yogam aishvaram
bhuta-bhrn na ca bhuta-stho
mamatma bhuta-bhavanah

“And yet everything that is created does not rest in Me. Behold My mystic opulence! Although I am the maintainer of all living entities and although I am everywhere, I am not a part of this cosmic manifestation, for My Self is the very source of creation.”

 

Bhutani = all living beings, mat sthani na = do not reside in Me [Sri Krishna]..sankalpa sakthiyaal elloraiyum thaanguhiraan.. Me yogam aiswaram = this great will power of Me [ Sri Krishna], pasya = [you, Arjuna] can see..Bhutabrit = [Sri Krishna] supports all living beings..elloraiyum cammand panni ellavatraiyilum prevade pannuhiraan..Na ca bhutastha = But [Sri Krishna] is not supported by all these living beings. Mama atma = My [Sri Krishna’s] will power, bhuta bhavana = is responsible for the creation, sustaining, destroying, growing, living,etc., of all thsee living beings.Nammalvaar aruliyathu pola nalguruvam..poverty and richness,enemity and friendship,poison and amirtham ellaam avan thaan..

Ramanuja’s Commentary 

Lord Krishna states unequivocally na bhuta-stah meaning that He does not derives any support whatsoever from the myriads of unlimited created sentient and insentient beings. He is supremely independent and He specifically states that He is not upheld by them in any manner like that of a vessel upholding water. It is by His will alone that He supports and energises all existence. Just marvel on the wonder of His yoga aisvaram or divine supernatural power which is so fantastic and phenomenal and which there is no comparison in any form any where else in the past, present or future. What is this divine, supernatural power which is so mysterious that it controls, organises and directs all of creation with natural perfection. The word mamatma means by His own soul being for Him paramatma the Supreme Soul residing in all beings and this opulent of abundance constitutes the power of His will which alone is the cause of all existence. So He is bhuta- bhrt or the support of all existence and bhuta-bhavanah the protector of existence or that by which an order of existence is established. In the next verse an example will be given to emphasise how all things depend upon Lord Krishna’s will for their existence.

..slokam 9-6..yen appan enkiraar azlwar..mirugandu munivar kumaran markandeyarin mappilai evar..thulasi naatchiyaarum thavam eruntha edam..vayasana vedathil vanthu villaiyaattu kattinaar..uppu kooda poda theriyatha penn yentraar..ethaiyum yetrukollveyn yentraar..panguni saravanathil avatharam.. eipasi saravanathil thiru kalyanam..moolavarukkum udsavarukkum boo devi mattum thaan engey..yen appan ,pon appan ,mani appan ,muthappan ,and thiru vinn nagar appan(moolavar) yentru einthu appankall engey..moolavar valathu thiru karam dana hasdam..receiving the bride..changu chakaram yenthi vullaar..udsavar is pon appan..evarum dana hasdam.thayarudan sernthu thaan purapadu..moolavarukku thanga kavasam.. thaayarukkum thanga kavasam yerpadu ..boomi devi koopiya karangaludan sevai.. sudha ananda vimanathukkum thanga kavasam panna yerpadu..

yathakasa-sthito nityam
vayuh sarvatra-go mahan
tatha sarvani bhutani
mat-sthanity upadharaya

“Understand that as the mighty wind, blowing everywhere, rests always in the sky, all created beings rest in Me.”

Yata = how, nithyam = always, akasam = space..mudalil ahasam then vayu,agni water and earth ..sankalpa sakthi virithu sollikiran..Maha vayu = the great air, sarva pradha = is breezing all over. space and air both are supported by Him..Tata = similarly, sarvani = all, bhutani = living beings, mat sthani = depend on Me [Sri Krishna] for support. It yupa dharaya = believe so or have faith so..

Ramanuja’s Commentary 

As all over infinite space which appears without support the mighty wind is able to blow and move everywhere. How is this possible? The wind blowing and infinite space itself is only possible due to the power of the Supreme Lord Krishna and yet His power cannot be perceived. Thus all creation abides within Him without knowing it. Those knowledgeable of the Vedic scriptures declare megodayas sagara sanni-vritti-rindor vibhagas sphurati va yo etc. meaning:The genesis of the clouds, the massing of the seas, the phases of the moon, the wafting of the wind, the flashing of lightning and the processions of the sun are all the marvellous miracles of the Supreme Lord. This is also confirmed in the Brihadaranya Upanisad V.VIII.IX beginning etasya va aksarasya meaning: By the sole command of the imperishable Supreme Lord the sun and moon are supported in their assigned spheres. The Taittriya Upanisad II.VIII.I beginning bhisha smad vatah pavate states: Out of fear of the Supreme Lord the wind blows, out of fear of the Supreme Lord the sun rises. It is by a mere fiat of the Supreme Lord Krishna’s will alone that the complete cosmic manifestaion and total material creation full of unlimited moving and non-moving beings are in existence and this is what has been revealed as absolute. In the next verse will be revealed that the origin, creation and dissolution of all beings is likewise produced by a fiat of His will as well.

..slokam 9-7..mani appanai sevikirom..uppu amritham devarkallukku koduthu amuthathil vantha penn amudathai kondavan ..evaneu amudham namakku..parkadal mahalakshmi pirantha edam..

sarva-bhutani kaunteya
prakritim yanti mamikam
kalpa-ksaye punas tani
kalpadau visrjamy aham

“O son of Kunti, at the end of the millennium all material manifestations enter into My nature, and at the beginning of another millennium, by My potency, I create them again.”

..Sarva bhutani = all living beings and objects, kalpa = Brahma’s life time, ksaye =when ends..Mamikam = in My [Sri Krishna’s] body, yanti = attain..layam adaihirathu ellaamey.. Kalpadau = again when Brahma’s life time starts, puna = again, stani = all these [atman and other matter mingled in moola prakruti], visrujami = get created by, aham = Me [Sri Krishna]. ..pralayam..nithya pralayam is daily occurance..naimitiha pralayam.=night time of Brahma…1000 chadur yugangallukku appuram (1000 times 4320,000 years).bhu bhuva and suva gets created ..after 100 brahma years sadya loham gets disolved and merges into His  body=moola brkruthi..this is prakruta pralayam..finally the fourth pralayam is called adyantika pralayam when the soul reaches moksham..

Ramanuja’s Commentary 

All beings movable and immovable enter into the Supreme Lord external nature know as prakriti or the transitory material substratum which identifies with tamas or nescience which is the non-sentient, undifferentiated vast expanse of mass matter in its indistinct state having no name, no form and no consciousness. The words kalpa-ksaye means at the time time of universal dissolution being the end of a maha-kalpa which is the conclusion of Brahma’s lifetime whereby one of his years equals 26 trillion, 439 billion and 400 million human years and his lifetime is 100 of such years. At this time all living entities are dissolved into the prakriti of Lord Krishna by His will alone and subsequently at the dawn of the next kalpa all living entities are projected out of the darkness by Lord Krishna to continue their karma or reactions from their previous actions exactly where they left off. Lord Krishna is willing to produce all the living entities from His own transcendental body. The Vedic scriptures declare: Of whom avyakta or imperceptible energy is His spiritual body. Avyakta merges into aksara or indestructible and aksara merges into tamas darkness. Manu Samhita I.VIII beginning se bhidyaya sarat svat aprakritam meaning it was darkness in the beginning and by darkness all was hidden and indiscernible.

..slokam 9-8..yen appan sannithi..prayoga chakaram..

prakritim svam avastabhya
visrijami punah punah
bhuta–gramam imam krtsnam
avasam prakriter vasat

“The whole cosmic order is under Me. Under My will it is automatically manifested again and again, and under My will it is annihilated at the end.”

Prakrter vasat = bound by prakruti, imam =this, krtsnam = without any exception, bhuta–gramam = living being groups, visrijami = [ I, Sri Krishna] create, puna puna = again and again, svam = my [Sri Krishna’s], prakrutim = prakruti [ as My, Sri Krishna’s body], avastabhya = manifests into Eight entities..we had seen earliar that moola prakruti is the raw material and gets transformed into prakruti, mahan, ahankaram and pancha tanmatras [ shabda, roopa, rasa, gandha and sparsa – sound, light, taste, scent and touch]. ..yellam avan sankalpa sakthiyal maarum..

Ramanuja’s Commentary 

The Supreme Lord Krishna has perpetual recourse to His own marvellous modifiable external energy known as prakriti or the material substratum pervading all physical and subtle existence and differentiate it in eight fold ways. He repeatedly creates with regularity the fourfold divisions of created living entities being demigods, humans, animal and plants from their dormant inactive state, powerless under the control of prakritis alluring and bewildering gunas of passion, ignorance and goodness. Yet it may be thought that such creative acts involving imbalances and inequalities can cause reactions to come to the Supreme Lord Himself due to the result of having manifested a creation full of seemingly differences and contradictions. The reply to this query is clearly resolved in the next verse.

..slokam 9-9..thiru kandiyoor shedram..hara saba vimachana perumal is udsavar…kamalavalli thayar..kamala pushkarani..kamalakruth vimanam..pancha kamala shedram ..moolavar is bali -nada perumal..worshipped by maha bali..kandana+oor..kandana =breking the neck..curse due to breaking the neckwas removed here..pinpuram kapala pushkarani vezli puram kamala pushkarani..kantam=neck neela kandan..thiru karambanoor-uthamar kovil pola..under atmavil erunthalum ethanalum kattu padathavan avan..

na ca mam tani karmani
nibadhnanti dhananjaya
udasina-vad asinam
asaktam tesu karmasu

“O Dhananjaya, all this work cannot bind Me. I am ever detached from all these material activities, seated as though neutral.”..

.Tani karmani = all these actions [ like creation, destruction and sustaining], na nibhdhanti = do not affect [or, tie], mam = Me [Sri Krishna..not affected means the Lord can not be accused of the faults vaishamyam and naidhrunyam..Tesu karmasu = in those activities – that is in creation, sustaining and destruction, asaktam = [Sri Krishna has] no attachment.Udhaseena-vad = disinterested. That is, He is not on His own responsible for all actions. and remains disinterested..yellam namathu karma adipadaiyil nadakkum..

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